E21: Moondjan

AIATSIS code: 
E21
AIATSIS reference name: 
Moondjan

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Thesaurus heading people
ABN name
-
ABS name
-
Horton name
Yuggera (Nunukul)
Ethnologue name
-
ISO 639-3 code
-
Tindale name
Nunukul
Tindale (1974)
Noonukul, Noonuccal, Moondjan (['mundjan] = no), Ngundjan (of another tribe).
O'Grady et al (1966)
Noonukul, Moondjan
Glottocode
-
Other sources
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Synonyms
Nunagal, Moonjan, Yuggera, Nunukul, Gowar, Jagara, Koenpul, Ngugi, Turrubul, Yagara, Gundjun, Koko Kuntjan, Koko wansin, Kokoyan, Koonjan, Kundjan, Kundjin, Kunjen, Kunjin, Mundjan, Ngundjan, Noonuccal, Noonuckle, Noonukul, Nununkul, Okundjain, Nunungal, Quandamooka
Comment
Comments: 

The earliest record indicates a difference between people and language name: the Noonukul (E21) are from the northern portion of Stradbroke Island and their language is called Moondjan (Watkin and Hamilton in Curr 1887: Vol 3: 222); the name of this place is Minjerribah.

Later records indicate that Nunagal (E21) is used as a name for both the people and the language of Stradbroke Island (Holmer,1983:392). Holmer concludes that Nunagal (E21) and 'Yagarabul' (E66 (but see also Yugara E23) form a linguistic 'unit'; he proposes dialectal differences between the mainland, which he calls 'jagarabal' or 'jagarabul', including Bribie Island, and an island dialect he calls Nunagal, comprising Stradbroke (and possibly Moreton) Island (1983:393).

Other sources indicate that the Moreton Bay region and the people from that area are known as Quandamooka. This is a grouping that consists of Jagara E23 and Koopenul in the Cleveland area; Nunukal (E21) and Goenpul (see Jandai E19) peoples from Stradbroke Island; and Ngugi E26 from Moreton Island.

 

References: 
  • Curr, Edward Micklethwaite. 1886-87. The Australian race: its origin, languages, customs, place of landing in Australia, and the routes by which it spread itself over that continent. Melbourne: John Ferres, Government Printer; London: Trübner.
  • Holmer, Nils Magnus. 1983. Linguistic survey of south-eastern Queensland: Pacific Linguistics D-54. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
Status: 
Potential data
Location
State / Territory: 
QLD
Location information: 

Northern portion of Stradbroke Island (Tindale 1974). The northern portion of Stradbroke Island (Curr 1886 vol.3 222).

Maps: 
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Links
Programs
Activities: 
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People: 
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Indigenous organisations: 
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Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list Less than 20 pages 1
Text Collection None 0
Grammar A few articles 1
Audio-visual None 0
Manuscript note: 
not available
Grammar: 
-
Dictionary: 
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Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005)          
Dixon (2002)   CENTRAL EAST COAST GROUP   Moonjan Yagara further dialects: Turubul (or Turrbal), Janday, Moonjan
Wurm (1994) Pama-Nyungan Durubulic   Nunungal  
Walsh (1981) Pama-Nyungan Durubulic   Nunungal  
Oates (1975) Pama-Nyungan Durubulic   Nunungal  
Wurm (1972) Pama-Nyungan Durubulic   Nununkul  
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966) Pama-Nyungan Durubulic   Nununkul