W23: Bayungu

AIATSIS code: 
W23
AIATSIS reference name: 
Bayungu

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Thesaurus heading people
ABN name
Payungu language
ABS name
-
Horton name
Payungu
Ethnologue name
Bayungu
ISO 639-3 code
bxj
Tindale name
Baijungu
Tindale (1974)
Baijungo, Baiong (occasional variant), Baiung, Biong, Paiunggu, Bayungu
O'Grady et al (1966)
Baiong, Baiung, Biong
Glottocode
bayu1240
Other sources
Baiyungu (Bayungu Aboriginal Corporation), Payungu (Peter Austin) [Wangka Maya PALC 2008:8] Bajungu, Pajungu [Dixon 2011:20]
Synonyms
Payungu, Baijungu, Binnigoora, Payu, Pinneegoora, Baijungo, Baiong, Baiung, Bajungu, Biong, Mulgarnoo, Paiunggu, Pajungu, Baiyungu
Comment
Comments: 

Bayungu is a Pama Nyungan language in the Kanyara language group, with Thalanyji W26, Burduna W24 and Binigura W34. The exact nature of the linguistic relationships between these varieties is not known; there may have been dialects of Bayungu, and the Ganyara varieties may be dialects of one unnamed language (Wangka Maya 2008: 13-14).

Carl von Brandenstein's (1969) source suggests that Inikurdira W54 may be a dialect of Pajungu (W23). Deak's source suspects that Yinigudira W54 is probably not so much a people or language name, but possibly a sacred site for the Bayungu (2008 p.c.).

 

References: 
  • Brandenstein, Carl G. von. 1969. Report on field work 1969. A.I.A.S. Doc. no. 69/865. (PMS 2139)
  • Sutton, Peter. 1995. Country: Aboriginal boundaries and land ownership in Australia. Canberra: Aboriginal History Inc.
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
  • Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre. 2008. Bayungu sketch grammar: an introduction to the structure and use of Bayungu. South Hedland, WA: Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre.
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
WA
Location information: 

On Lower Lyndon and Minilya rivers. Southwest of the salt marshes to Quobba; east to Winning Pool; north to Giralia and Bullara but not to the seacoast and Exmouth peninsula (Tindale 1974).

Payungu location on Davis' map is about right (Austin in Sutton 1995:97).

Originally Payungu country stretched from Middalya station in the east, north to Winning station, west to the Indian Ocean at Cardabia (Station) (Gunjayindiya), Warroora (Station) (Warrura), Gnaraloo (Station) (Ngarralhu), Quobba, Lake McLeod and east to Minilya and Manberry stations. (Austin 1992: Introduction, in Wangka Maya PALC 2008:8). The country on which the Bayungu people traditionally lived is located along much of the Ningaloo Marine Park. (Walgar 2007, in Wangka Maya PALC 2008:8). Bayungu country is most notably located along the coastal region south of Exmouth, from Point Cloates [...] and Coral Bay to Carnarvon in Western Australia. (Wangka Maya PALC 2008:8). Bayungu country also includes Point Quobba, Lake McLeod, Manberry, Wandagee, Middalya, Minilya, Winning Pool Station, Cardabia Station, Warroora Station and Gnaraloo Station. Much of the Ningaloo Marine park is also part of Bayungu country. (Wangka Maya PALC 2008:14). Contemporary location: Predominantly Carnarvon or Port Hedland, a few people live at Cardabia Station. (Wangka Maya PALC 2008:8).

 

Maps: 
-
Links
Programs
Activities: 

In the 1980s a Bayungu language program was created and used in Carnarvon schools by Peter Austin. (Wangka Maya PALC 2008:15) 'Hazel Walgar (nee Cooyou), a Bayungu woman, currently works at Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre. Her goal is to create Bayungu resources for future generations.' (Wangka Maya PALC 2008:15) 'Bernie Ryder (teacher at Carnarvon Senior High) designed Aboriginal Studies course for year 9 students with Payungu language component.' (Wangka Maya PALC 2008:20)

People: 
Peter Austin, Terry Klokeid, Geoffrey O'Grady, Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre, Baiyungu Aboriginal Corporation, Hazel Walgar, Eleonora Deak.
Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oatesexist
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS12
2005Estimate2
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list Small (20-100 pages) 2
Text Collection Small (20-100 pages) 2
Grammar Sketch grammar (less than 100 pages) 2
Audio-visual 1-10 2
Manuscript note: 
tape transcription/field note available
Grammar: 

Wangka Maya PALC. 2008. Bayungu sketch grammar. South Hedland: Wangka Maya PALC.

Dictionary: 

Austin, Peter. 1992. A dictionary of Payungu, Western Australia. Bundoora: La Trobe University. Wangka Maya PALC. 2006. Payungu picture dictionary. South Hedland: Wangka Maya PALC. Burgman, Albert. 2007. Bayungu dictionary: English-Bayungu wordlist and thematic wordlist 2007. South Hedland: Wangka Maya PALC. Wangka Maya PALC. 2007. Bayungu dictionary 2007. South Hedland: Wangka Maya PALC. (CD-ROM)

Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005) Pama-Nyungan South-West Kanyara Bayungu  
Dixon (2002)   GASCOYNE RIVER TO PILBARA AREAL GROUP Kanjara subgroup* Payungu Payungu/Purduna
Wurm (1994) Pama-Nyungan South-West   Bayungu  
Walsh (1981) Pama-Nyungan South-West Kanyara Payungu  
Oates (1975) Pama-Nyungan Pilbara-Nyungar (Southwest) Kanyara Bayungu  
Wurm (1972) Pama-Nyungan Southwest (or Nyungic) Kanyara Bayungu  
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966) Pama-Nyungan Southwest Kanyara Bayungu