Y59: KUGU NGANHCARA

AIATSIS code: 
Y59
AIATSIS reference name: 
KUGU NGANHCARA

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Kugu Nganhcara language Y59
Thesaurus heading people
Kugu Nganhcara people Y59
ABN name
-
ABS name
-
Horton name
Wik (Wiknantjara)
Ethnologue name
Wikngenchera, Wik-Ngandjara (Ngandjara)
ISO 639-3 code
wua
Tindale name
Wiknantjara
Tindale (1974)
Wik-Ngencherra, Wik-Natjerra, Ngandjara.
O'Grady et al (1966)
Glottocode
wikn1246
Other sources
Wik-nantjara (McConnel 1930), Wik Ngantjera (Sharp 1939, Scheffler 1972), Wiknantyara (McConnel 1939, 1940), Ngandjara (Capell 1963) and Kugu Nganychara (J. von Sturmer 1978) [Smith & Johnson 2000:359]
Synonyms
Kugu/Wik Nganhcara, Wikngenchera, Wik Ngandjara, Ngandjara, Wik, Wiknantjara, Wikatinda, Wik Ompom, Wikampama, Wik Kalkan, Wik Ngathara, Wik Epa, Wikepa, Wik Meanha, Wikmean, Wiknatanja, Mimungkum, Wik Mungkana, Nantjara, Ngantjeri, Wik nantjara, Wik Natjerra, Wik Ngencherra, Wik Nganhcara, Wik Ngantjera, Wiknantyara, Kugu Nganychara
Comment
Comments: 

Smith and Johnson use the language name Kugu Nganhcara to describe six closely related patrilects: Kugu Muminh Y43, Kugu Uwanh Y176, Kugu Ugbanh Y175, Kugu Mu'inh Y224, Kugu Yi'anh Y178 and Wik Iyanh Y172. Their grammar of Kugu Nganhcara is based primarily on Kugu Uwanh Y176 (2000:358).

This macro-group label is also known as Wik-Ngencherr in some Wik languages (Sutton, 2001:458).

 

References: 
  • Smith, Ian, and Steve Johnson. 2000. Kugu Nganhcara. In Handbook of Australian languages, vol. 5, eds R. M. W. Dixon and Barry J. Blake, 355-489. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
QLD
Location information: 

... between Kendall River and Moonkan Creek. Today, it is spoken chiefly at Edward River and Aurukun (Smith & Johnson 2000).

Between mouths of the Holroyd River (Tindale 1974).

 

Maps: 
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Links

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PDF icon Oates_Y59.pdf
Tindale 1974
OLAC
SIL
Programs
Activities: 
-
People: 
Michael Winnington Martin, Peter Sutton
Indigenous organisations: 
-
Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates20-30
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt100
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate30
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list Less than 20 pages 1
Text Collection Less than 20 pages 1
Grammar Small grammar (100-200 pages) 3
Audio-visual 1-10 2
Manuscript note: 
tape transcription/field note available - unclear status
Grammar: 

Smith, Ian & Johnson, Steve. 2000. Kugu Nganhcara. In Handbook of Australian languages, vol. 5, eds. RMW Dixon and B Blake, 355-489. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.

Dictionary: 

Smith, Ian & Johnson, Steve. Kugu Nganchara, ASEDA 0021

Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005) Pama-Nyungan Paman Middle Pama Wikngenchera, Wik-Ngandjara (Ngandjara) Wikngenchera [dialects: Related to Wikngathara (Wikalkan).], Wikalkan [dialects: Wik-Ngandjara (Ngandjara), Ngadanja.]
Dixon (2002)   NORTH CAPE YORK SUBGROUP* Wik subgroup* Kugu/Wik-Nganhcara Kugu-Muminh (Wik-Muminh) (or Kugu/Wik-Nganhcara) Smith and Johnson (2000) further dialects (all preceded by Kugu/Wik-): Mu'inh, Uwanh, Ugbanh, Yi'anh, Mangk, Iyanh
Wurm (1994)          
Walsh (1981)          
Oates (1975) Pama-Nyungan   Middle Pama Wik Ngandjara  
Wurm (1972) Pama-Nyungan Pama-Maric Middle Pama Wik Ngandjara  
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966)