A1: Nyaki Nyaki / Njaki Njaki

AIATSIS code: 
A1
AIATSIS reference name: 
Nyaki Nyaki / Njaki Njaki

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Nyaki Nyaki / Njaki Njaki language A1
Thesaurus heading people
Nyaki Nyaki / Njaki Njaki people A1
ABN name
-
ABS name
-
Horton name
Nyaki-Nyaki
Ethnologue name
-
ISO 639-3 code
-
Tindale name
Njakinjaki
Tindale (1974)
Njagi (valid alternative), Njagiman (of Njungar), Kokar (['koka:r] = east), Karkar, Kar Kar, Kikkar, 'Eastward tribe,' Punuatch (a place name Punuatj, now Bun-iche), Punwatch (in MS).
O'Grady et al (1966)
Njakinjaki, Kokar, Karkar, Kikkar
Glottocode
-
Other sources
Synonyms
Nyungar, Nyaki Nyaki, Nyagi Nyagi, Eastward tribe, Kaikan, Kar Kar, Karkar, Kikkar, Kilkar, Kokan, Kokar, Njagi, Njagi njagi, Njagiman, Njakinjaki, Nyakinyaki, Punuatch, Punwatch, Njagi Njagi
Comment
Comments: 

The classification of Nyaki Nyaki is uncertain. It is tentatively classified as a dialect of Noongar W41 in this database following O'Grady et al. (1966), Oates (1975) and Dixon (2002).

However, Douglas (1968) does not include Nyaki Nyaki in his description of Njuŋar W41.

Von Brandenstein says that Njaginjagi (A1) is 'a blend of Ngadju A3 and Nungar W41' (1970:3); but according to Theiberger (1993) von Brandenstein (p.c.) suggested that Nyaki Nyaki is related to Kalaamay A4, which he says 'is definitely not a dialect of Noongar W41'.

The Kaartdijin Noongar - Ngoongar Knowldge webpage https://www.noongarculture.org.au/ says that Noongar is made up of fourteen language groups including Nyankinyaki (viewed October 2021).

 

References: 
  • Dixon, R. M. W. 2002. Australian languages: their nature and development: Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Douglas, Wilfrid H. 1968. The Aboriginal languages of south-west Australia: speech forms in current use and a technical description of Njungar: Australian Aboriginal Studies 14, Linguistic Series 4. Canberra: AIAS.
  • Oates, Lynette F. 1975. The 1973 supplement to a revised linguistic survey of Australia. Armidale: Armidale Christian Book Centre.
  • O'Grady, G. N., C. F. Voegelin and F. M. Voegelin. 1966. Languages of the world: Indo-Pacific fascicle six. Anthropological Linguistics 8(2).
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
  • von Brandenstein, Carl Georg. 1970. Report [to A.I.A.S.] on field work conducted JulyAugust 1970 as part of the 1969/1970 project Western Desert fringe study. PMS 2140.
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
WA
Location information: 

East of Lake Grace; at Newdegate, Mount Stirling, Bruce Rock, Kellerberrin, and Merredin; west to Jitarning; south to Lake King, and Mount Madden; east to near Lake Hope and Mount Holland (Tindale 1974).

 

 

Maps: 
  • Tindale, Norman. 1974. Tribal boundaries in Aboriginal Australia. Canberra: Division of National Mapping, Department of National Development.
Links

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PDF icon Oates_A1.pdf
Tindale 1974
Handbook of Western Australian Aboriginal languages south of the Kimberley Region
My dusky friends : sketches of the south eastern natives of Western Australia, some of their legends..
Programs
Activities: 
-
People: 
-
Indigenous organisations: 
-
Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list Less than 20 pages 1
Text Collection None 0
Grammar None 0
Audio-visual None 0
Manuscript note: 
not available
Grammar: 
-
Dictionary: 
-
Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005)          
Dixon (2002)       Njaki-Njaki Nyungar tribal names: Njunga, Wutjari, Koreng, Minang, Pipalman, Wartanti, Pindjarup, Whadjuk, Kaneang, Wilmen, Njaki-Njaki
Wurm (1994)          
Walsh (1981)          
Oates (1975) Pama-Nyungan Pilbara-Nyungar (Southwest) Njungar Njagi-Njagi  
Wurm (1972)          
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966) Pama-Nyungan Southwest Nyunga Nyakinyaki