E12: Bundjalung^ | AIATSIS Collection

AIATSIS code:

E12

AIATSIS reference name:

Bundjalung^

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Name

ABN name	Bandjalang language
ABS name	Bandjalang
Horton name	Bundjalung
Ethnologue name	Bandjalang
ISO 639-3 code	bdy
Tindale name	Badjalang
Thesaurus heading language	Bundjalung language E12
Thesaurus heading (old)	Bundjalung / Banjalang language (E12) (NSW SH56-02)
Tindale (1974)	Badjelang, Budulung (paidjal = badjal = man), Buggul (g read as dj), Paikalyung, Paikalyug, Bandjalang, Bandjalong, Bunjellung, Bundela, Bundel, Widje (horde or hordes at Evans Head), Watchee, Woomargou.
O'Grady et al (1966)	Bandjalang, Bunjellung, Bundela, Bundel, Watchee
Glottocode	band1339
Other sources	-
Synonyms	Bandjalang, Arakwal, Badjulung, Banjalang, Birihn, Dinggabal, Geinyan, Gidabal, Jukambal, Jukambe, Kalibal, Keinjun, Kitabal, Minjunbal, Ngarahgwal, Nyangbal, Wahlubal, Widjubal, Wiyabal, Wudjehbal, Yugambeh, Badjalang, Badjelang, Bandjalong, Bandjelang, Bandyalang, Beelia, Beeloo, Bogganger, Budulung, Buggul, Bundala, Bundel, Bundela, Bundjulung, Bundyulen, Bunjellung, Derbal, Ilakuri wongi, Juadjag, Juadjek, Juadjuk, Karakata, Karrakatta, Minal njunga, Minalnjunga, Minnal Yungar, Mooro, Murram, Paikalyug, Paikalyung, Swan River Tribe, Wadjug, Wadjuk, Wadjup, Wajuk, Watchee, Whadjuk, Whajook, Widje, Witja:ri, Witjari, Woomargou, Yooadda, Yooard, Yoongar, Yuard, Yuatjek, Yungar, Yungur, Bandjalung

Comment

Comments:

Sharpe coined the name Yugambeh - Bundjalung as a cover term for a group of dialects from north-east New South Wales and south-east Queensland (2005) and produced a dictionary (on CDROM) of Yugambeh - Bundjalung in 2013. The name Bundjalung has been used as a language name for a number of related dialects since the 1940s, sometimes with the phonemic spelling /Bandjalang/ (Crowley and Sharpe in Sharpe, 1996:17). It also refers to one of the dialects, termed Bundjalung proper, spoken around Coraki (cf. Crowley (1978:151) and Sharpe (2005)). Thus, Bundjalung is both a language name and a dialect name. See also: Birihn E72; Casino language E73; Ngarabal E92; Dinggabal E16.1; Galibal E15; Geynyan D36; Gidhabal E14; Mananjahli E76; Minyangbal E18; Arakwal E13; Nerang Creek language E77; Nganduwal E78; Ngarahgwal E79; Nyangbal E75; Wahlubal E16.2; Wehlubal E80; Wiyabal E16; Wudjebal E96 and Yugambeh E17.

References:

Crowley, Terry. 1978. The Middle Clarence dialects of Bandjalang (Includes 1940s Bandjalang grammar by W. E. Smythe): Research and Regional Studies 12. Canberra: AIAS.
Oates, Lynette F. 1975. The 1973 supplement to a revised linguistic survey of Australia. Armidale: Armidale Christian Book Centre.
Oates, William J. & Lynette F. Oates. 1970. A revised linguistic survey of Australia: Australian Aboriginal Studies 33, Linguistic Series 12. Canberra: AIAS.
Sharpe, Margaret. 1996. An introduction to the Yugambeh-Bundjalung language and its dialects. Armidale: the Author
Sharpe, Margaret. 2005. Grammar and texts of the Yugambeh-Bundjalung dialect chain in Eastern Australia. München: Lincom Europa.
Wafer, Jim, and Amanda Lissarrague. 2008. A handbook of Aboriginal languages of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. Nambucca Heads: Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative.

Status:

Confirmed

Location

State / Territory:

NSW

Location information:

Coraki and Bungawalbin Creek (Crowley 1978). ... dialect the north coast of NSW from north of Grafton and the Clarence River in the coastal area to the Logan River in southeast Queensland, inland to Drake (east of Tenterfield), out to Warwick and Allora in Queensland, and along the upper Clarence River and its tributaries (ALRRC).

Maps:

Catalogue

Links

Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative

ABC Open - A conversation in Bundjalung

ABC Open - Heads

shoulders

knees and toes

ABC Open - Bundjalung language detectives

ABC Open - Cabbage Tree's untold stories

ABC Open - Sharing Bundjalung

Bundjalung - Yugambeh Dictionary

Awaye! Word Up: Joe Geia helps unlock creativity at Balund-a

Awaye! Word Up: Too Much Lip: Melissa Lucashenko's unflinching sixth novel

Awaye! Word Up: A very difficult poem about a very difficult topic wins poetry prize

Programs

Activities:

Many Rivers Aboriginal Language Centre is hosting workshops to assist the Bundjalung Elders Language Group to recommend an orthography for Bundjalung (2007).

People:

Terry Crowley, Margaret Sharpe, Many Rivers Aboriginal Language Centre, Junbung Aboriginal Elders Corporation

Indigenous organisations:

Speakers

Year	Source	Speaker numbers
1975	Oates	-
1984	Senate	-
1990	Schmidt	20+
1996	Census	-
2001	Census	-
2004	NILS	20
2005	Estimate	20
2006	Census	95
2011	Census	133
2016	Census	113

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation

Type	Documentation Status	Documentation Score
Word list	Medium (100-200 pages)	3
Text Collection	Large (more than 200 pages)	4
Grammar	Small grammar (100-200 pages)	3
Audio-visual	More than 10	3

Manuscript note:

tape transcription/field note available

Grammar:

Crowley, Terry. 1978. The middle Clarence dialects of Bandjalang. Canberra: AIAS. Sharpe, Margaret. 2005. Grammar and texts of the Yugambeh-Bundjalung dialect chain in Eastern Australia. Munich: Lincom.

Dictionary:

Sharpe, Margaret. 1994. Bundjalung. In Macquarie Aboriginal words: a dictionary of words from Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages, eds. N Thieberger, W McGregor, 1-22. North Ryde: Macquarie Library. Sharpe, Margaret. 1995 Dictionary of Western Bundjalung: including Gidhabal and Tabulam Bundjalung. Armidale, NSW: Margaret Sharpe. Sharpe, Margaret. 2000. Dictionary of Eastern Bundjalung including Minyanbal and Ngahnduwal , ms.

Classification

Source	Family	Group	Name	Relationship
Ethnologue (2005)	Pama-Nyungan	Bandjalangic	Bandjalang	Bandjalang [dialects: Gidabal (Gidhabal), Yugumbir.]
Dixon (2002)		CENTRAL EAST COAST GROUP	Bandjalang	Bandjalang Cunningham (1969), Geytenbeek and Geytenbeek (1971), Crowley (1978) further dialects include: Yugumbir, Nganduwal, Minjangbal, Njangbal, Biriin, Baryulgil, Waalubal, Dinggabal, Wiyabal, Gidabal, Galibal, Wudjeebal
Wurm (1994)	Pama-Nyungan	Bandjalangic	Bandjalang
Walsh (1981)	Pama-Nyungan	Bandjalangic	Bandjalang	Bandjalang [dialects: Bandjalang, Yugumbee, Biriin, Dinggabal]
Oates (1975)	Pama-Nyungan	Bandjalangic	Bandjalang
Wurm (1972)	Pama-Nyungan	Bandjalangic	Bandjalang (Bandjalong)
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966)	Pama-Nyungan	Bandjalangic	Badjelang