L6: Barngarla | AIATSIS Collection

AIATSIS code:

AIATSIS reference name:

Barngarla

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Name

Thesaurus heading language	Barngarla language L6
Thesaurus heading people	Barngarla people L6
ABN name	Barngarla Language (Previously Parnkarla language)
ABS name	-
Horton name	Banggarla
Ethnologue name	Banggarla
ISO 639-3 code	bjb
Tindale name	Pangkala
Tindale (1974)	Banggala (valid alternative pronunciation), Bahn-gala, Pankalla, Parkalla (typographical error), Parnkalla, Parn-kal-la, Parnkala, Punkalla, Bangala, Bungela, Pan-karla, Punkirla, Bungeha (probably misreading of Bungela), Kortabina (place name), Willeuroo (basic meaning 'west,' or 'westerner'), Arkaba-tura (men of Arkaba, a place in the northeast corner of tribal territory where they met Jadliaura people), Wanbirujurari ('men of the seacoast'; said of the southern hordes by those in the north), Willara, Kooapudna (horde around Franklin Harbour), Kooapidna.
O'Grady et al (1966)	Pankarla, Parnkala, Bangala, Banggala, Bahanga-la, Pankalla, Punkalla, Bungela, Bungeha, Kortabina
Glottocode	bang1339
Other sources	Pangkarla [Hercus 1994]
Synonyms	Banggarla, Bangalla, Arkaba tura, Ba:Nggala, Ba:njgala, Bahanga la, Bahngala, Bangala, Banggala, Barngarla, Bungeha, Bungala, Bungela, Kooapidna, Kooapudna, Kortabina, Pangkala, Pankala, Pankalla, Pankarla, Parkalla, Parn kal la, Parnkala, Punkalla, Punkirla, Wanbirujurari, Willara, Willeuroo, Pangkarla, Bahn gala, Pan karla

Comment

Comments:

Barngala is a member of the Thura-Yura L63 sub-group of Pama-Nyungan. Other members include Kaurna L3; Ngadjuri L5; Nukunu L4; Narangga L1; Adnyamathanha L10; Kuyani L9; Nauo L2 and Wirangu C1, which exhibits some differences with the Thura-Yura languages.

One particular cultural-linguistic feature uniquely Thura-Yura is the use of ten birth-order names. Another are the regular pronoun forms unique to the sub-group (Simpson & Hercus 2004:179).

References:

Beddome, Harry L. 1868. Marachowie. In Curr (ed.), The Australian Race, vol. 2, pp. 132-135.
Clendon, Mark. 2015. Clamor Schürmann's Barngarla grammar: a commentary on the first section of A vocabulary of the Parnkalla language. Adelaide: University of Adelaide Press. (L P230.004/1)
Curr, Edward Micklethwaite. 1886-87. The Australian race: its origin, languages, customs, place of landing in Australia, and the routes by which it spread itself over that continent. Melbourne: John Ferres, Government Printer; London: Trübner.
Hercus, Luise Anna. 1992. A Nukunu dictionary. Canberra: Department of Linguistics, The Faculties, Australian National University.
Hercus, Luise. 1999. A grammar of the Wirangu language from the West Coast of South Australia: Pacific Linguistics C-150. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Hercus, Luise & Jane Simpson. 2001. The tragedy of Nauo. In Forty years on: Ken Hale and Australian languages, ed. Jane Simpson, et al., 263-290. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Mobile Language Team: <https://www.mobilelanguageteam.com.au/languages/barngarla>
Sawers, A.D. 1886. Gawler Range. In Curr (ed.) The Australian Race, vol. 2, pp. 130-132.
Simpson, J & L Hercus. 2004. Thura-Yura as a subgroup, in (Bowern & Koch eds) Australian Languages : classification and the comparative method. Amsterdam/Philadelphia : John Benjamins.
Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.

Status:

Confirmed

Location

State / Territory:

Location information:

East side of Lake Torrens south of Edeowie and west of Hookina and Port Augusta; west of Lake Torrens to Island Lagoon and Yardea; at Woorakimba, Hesso, Yudnapinna, Gawler Ranges; south to Kimba, Darke Peak, Cleve, and Franklin Harbour (Tindale 1974). Port Lincoln, to the north beyond Franklin Harbour and the interior (Schurmann 1987:152-3 as quoted in Hercus and Simpson 2001:264).

Maps:

Links

Search MURA people®

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Awaye! Word Up: Jenna Richards

Programs

Activities:

People:

Luise Hercus

Indigenous organisations:

Barngarla People, Language and Land https://www.barngarlalanguage.com/

Speakers

Year	Source	Speaker numbers
1975	Oates	-
1984	Senate	-
1990	Schmidt	-
1996	Census	-
2001	Census	-
2004	NILS1	-
2005	Estimate	0
2006	Census	-
2011	Census	-
2014	NILS2	55
2016	Census	-
2018-2019	NILS3	51-250

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation

Type	Documentation Status	Documentation Score
Word list	Less than 20 pages	1
Text Collection	None	0
Grammar	None	0
Audio-visual	Less than 1	1

Manuscript note:

tape transcription/field note available (vocabulary)

Grammar:

Dictionary:

Schürmann, C, Simpson, J and O'Grady, J. A vocabulary of the Parnkalla language, ASEDA 0256.

Classification

Source	Family	Group	Sub-group	Name	Relationship
Ethnologue (2005)	Pama-Nyungan	South-West	Yura	Banggarla
Dixon (2002)		SPENCER GULF BASIN AREAL GROUP	Yura subgroup*	Parnkalla	Parnkalla Schürmann (1844)
Wurm (1994)	Pama-Nyungan	South-West		Banggarla
Walsh (1981)	Pama-Nyungan	South-West	Yura	Banggarla (Pangkala)
Oates (1975)	Pama-Nyungan	Southern Western Desert Type	Yura	Banggala (Pangkala)
Wurm (1972)	Pama-Nyungan	Southwest (or Nyungic)	Yura	Pangkala (Pankarla, Parnkala, Pankalla, Banggala)
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966)	Pama-Nyungan	Southwest	Yura	Pangkala