S42: Tatungalung

AIATSIS code: 
S42
AIATSIS reference name: 
Tatungalung

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Tatungalung language S42
Thesaurus heading people
Tatungalung people S42
ABN name
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ABS name
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Horton name
Kurnai (Tatungalung)
Ethnologue name
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ISO 639-3 code
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Tindale name
Tatungalung
Tindale (1974)
Tatungolung, Tatoongolong, Tatunga, Tirthung, Tatung, Tirtalawakani (kani = man, tatung = south), Boul-boul (horde name?), Nulit (dialect name, shared with Bratauolung).
O'Grady et al (1966)
Tatungolung, Tatoongolong, Tatunga, Bouliboul
Glottocode
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Other sources
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Synonyms
Kurnai, Brabralung, Braiakaulung, Bratauolung, Ganai, Krauatungalung, Bouliboul, Bundahwark kani, Dadungalung, Gunggala dhang, Karnathun, Krauatun kurnai, Kroatungolung, Krow ithun koolo, Krowathun Koolung, Muk dhang, Nulit, Tatoongolong, Tatung, Tatunga, Tatungolung, Thang quai, Thangguai, Thangkwai, Tirtalawakani, Tirthung, Boul boul
Comment
Comments: 
According to Clark (2005) and the Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages, this is a dialect of Gunai / Kurnai S68. Gardner (1996:5) and Hercus (1969), however, treat it as the name of a group whose language is Kurnai S68. On the other hand, Howitt (1996:73) treats Tatungalung as the name of a clan whose language is Nulit S91, being one of three dialects of the language spoken by the Kurnai people. Walsh (1981) largely follows this analysis, with the exception of using Muk-thang as the cover term S68 as well as one of the dialects S45, and with the addition of Bidhawal S49 as a fourth dialect. Of Bidawal S49, Howitt (1996:79-81) comments that it is a mixture of Kurnai, Ngarigo S46 and 'Murring' (i.e. a Yuin language).
References: 
  • Clark, Ian. 2005. Aboriginal language areas in Victoria - a reconstruction: a report to Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages. Melbourne: Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages.
  • Gardner, P. D. 1996. The language of the Kurnai tribes of Gippsland, with notes on grammar and pronunciation, by R. H. Mathews, and Kurnai-English, English-Kurnai vocabulary, compiled by P. D. Gardner. Ensay, VIC: Ngarak Press.
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
  • Walsh, Michael. 1981. Maps of Australia and Tasmania. In Language atlas of the Pacific area Pt 1, eds S. A. Wurm and Shirô Hattori. Canberra: Australian Academy of the Humanities.
Status: 
Potential data
Location
State / Territory: 
VIC
Location information: 
Coast along Ninety Mile Beach and about Lakes Victoria and Wellington from Lakes Entrance southwest to mouth of Merriman Creek, also on Raymond Island in Lake King. Hagenauer (1878) indicates four horde names and Howitt another (Tindale 1974).
Maps: 
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Links

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PDF icon Oates_S42.pdf
Tindale 1974
Programs
Activities: 
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People: 
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Indigenous organisations: 
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Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
TypeDocumentation StatusDocumentation Score
Word listLess than 20 pages1
Text CollectionLess than 20 pages1
GrammarA few articles1
Audio-visualNone0
Manuscript note: 
not available
Grammar: 
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Dictionary: 
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Classification
SourceFamilyGroupSub-groupNameRelationship
Ethnologue (2005)
Dixon (2002)
Wurm (1994)
Walsh (1981)Nulit (spoken by the Braiakaulung, Bratauolung, Tatungalung tribes)Muk-Thang [dialects: Muk-Thang (Brabiralung), Thangguai, Bidhawal, Nulit (spoken by the Braiakaulung, Bratauolung, Tatungalung tribes)]
Oates (1975)Pama-NyunganKurnicDadungalung
Wurm (1972)Pama-NyunganKurnicTatungalung
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966)Pama-NyunganKurnicTatungalung