N199: Dhuwala

AIATSIS code: 
N199
AIATSIS reference name: 
Dhuwala

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Dhuwala language N199
Thesaurus heading people
ABN name
Dhuwala languages
ABS name
Dhuwala
Horton name
-
Ethnologue name
-
ISO 639-3 code
-
Tindale name
Duwala
Tindale (1974)
Duala, Du:ala, Murngin (in part), Wulamba (in part).
O'Grady et al (1966)
Glottocode
-
Other sources
Synonyms
Duwala, Duala, Du:ala, Murngin, Wulamba, Tuwala
Comment
Comments: 

Dhuwala (~Dhuwala'mirri) is a Yolngu Matha N230 language, affiliated with the Yirritja moiety. The distinction between Dhuwala (N199) and Dhuwal N198 is sociolectal; they are a "dialect group" with two socially conditioned variants, crosscut by other geographically-based dialects (Morphy 1983:4-5).

Clans affiliated with Dhuwala language include Gumatj N141; Gupapuyŋu N122.1; Birrkili N116.C; Daygurrgurr N96; Guyamirrilili N103; Wubulkarra N88; Madarrpa N111; Makarrwanhalmirri N139.1; Munyuku N200 and Maŋgalili N137.

See also Yolngu Matha N230.

 

References: 
  • Morphy, Frances. 1983. Djapu, a Yolngu dialect. In Handbook of Australian languages, vol. 3, eds R. M. W. Dixon and B. J. Blake, 1-188, + map p xxiv. Canberra: ANU Press.
  • Schebeck, Bernhard. 2001. Dialect and social groupings in northeast Arnheim [i.e. Arnhem] Land vol. 7: LINCOM studies in Australian languages, no. 7. München: Lincom Europa.
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
  • Waters, Bruce E. 1989. Djinang and Djinba - a grammatical and historical perspective: Pacific Linguistics C-114. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
  • http://yolngudictionary.cdu.edu.au/word_details.php?id=2335
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
NT
Location information: 

Their country extends northeast of a line running between Castlereagh Bay and the east coast of Arnhem Land at Port Bradshaw, Cape Shield, and as far south as Koolatong River (Tindale 1974).

 

Maps: 
-
Links

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Tindale 1974
Programs
Activities: 
-
People: 
-
Indigenous organisations: 
-
Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census321
2011Census89
2014NILS2
2016Census125
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list None 0
Text Collection None 0
Grammar None 0
Audio-visual None 0
Manuscript note: 
-
Grammar: 
-
Dictionary: 
-
Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005)          
Dixon (2002)          
Wurm (1994) Pama-Nyungan Yuulngu   Dhuwala  
Walsh (1981)          
Oates (1975)       Dhuwala  
Wurm (1972)          
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966)