S8: Yaraldi

AIATSIS code: 
S8
AIATSIS reference name: 
Yaraldi

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Yaraldi language S8
Thesaurus heading people
Yaraldi people S8
ABN name
-
ABS name
-
Horton name
-
Ethnologue name
Narrinyeri (Yaralde)
ISO 639-3 code
-
Tindale name
Jarildekald
Tindale (1974)
Jaralde (valid alternative; short form), Jarildikald, Yarilde, Yaralde, Yarrildie, Jaraldi, Yarildewallin (Jaralde speech), Yalawarre, Lakalinyeri (horde at Point McLeay), Warawalde (a northern horde at Nalpa), 'Piccanini Murray people.'
O'Grady et al (1966)
Jaralde, Yarilde, Yaralde, Yarrildie, Narrinyeri
Glottocode
-
Other sources
-
Synonyms
Yaralde, Yaralde Tingar, Narrinyeri, Jaralde, Jaraldi, Jarildekald, Jarildi, Jarildikald, Lakalinyeri, Narrinyerree, Narrinjeri, Narrinyerrie, Pitta, Pitta pitta, Warawalde, Yalawarre, Yarilde, Yarildewallin, Yarrildie, Piccanini Murray people
Comment
Comments: 
McDonald (2002) lists this as a group name and dialect of Ngarrindjeri S69. Documentation on Ngarrindjeri S69 may be relevant.
References: 
  • Horgen, Michael. 2004. The languages of the Lower-Murray, Department of Linguistics, Latrobe University: MA. (MS 4456 CD).
  • McDonald, Maryalyce. 2002. A study of the phonetics and phonology of Yaraldi and associated dialects. München: Lincom Europa.
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
SA
Location information: 
East side of Lake Alexandrina and Murray River from Loveday Bay to Mobilong; on Narrung peninsula; east to Meningie and Cookes Plains (more than fifteen hordes) (Tindale 1974). Based on these sources and others, Dixon (1993:3) places Yaraldi along the 'coast from the eastern edge of Backstairs Passage (opposite Kangaroo Island) almost to the present town of Kingston S E. [on the coast]' and 'inland, it probably extended to Bordertown.' It extended west up to the Mount Lofty range and north along the Murray River 'almost as far as Murray Bridge...' Their territory also 'included Lake Albert and Lake Alexandrina...' (Horgen 2004: 28) (This description of the location of Yaraldi covers as the locations of other dialects of Ngarrindjeri [S69].)
Maps: 
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Links

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PDF icon Oates_S8.pdf
Tindale 1974
Mobile Language Team
Programs
Activities: 
-
People: 
Rongald Berndt, Catherine Berndt, Catherine Ellis, George Taplin. Michael Horgen, Marylyce McDonald
Indigenous organisations: 
-
Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list Small (20-100 pages) 2
Text Collection Less than 20 pages 1
Grammar Small grammar (100-200 pages) 3
Audio-visual More than 10 3
Manuscript note: 
tape transcription/field note available
Grammar: 

McDonald , Maryalyce. 2002. A study of the phonetics and phonology of Yaraldi and associated dialects. Munich: Lincom Europe.

Cerin, Mark. 1994. The pronominal system of Yaraldi, University of Melbourne: BA (Hons).

Dictionary: 
Taplin, George 1860. Yaralde vocabulary. [included in McDonald 2002]
Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005) Pama-Nyungan Ngarinyeric-Yithayithic Narrinyeri (Yaralde)
Dixon (2002) LOWER MURRAY AREAL GROUP Yaralde (or Yaralde Tingar or Narrinyeri) Yaralde (or Yaralde Tingar; or Ngarrindjeri or Narrinyeri) Meyer (1843), Cerin (1994) further dialects include: Tangane, Ramindjeri
Wurm (1994)
Walsh (1981) Pama-Nyungan Ngarinyeric-Yithayithic Yaraldi Ngarinyeri (Narrinyeri) [dialects: Warki, Tanganalun, Meinta:ngk, Raminyeri, Portawulun, Yaraldi]
Oates (1975) Pama-Nyungan Narrinyeric Korni Yaralde
Wurm (1972) Pama-Nyungan Narrinyeric Korni Yaralde (Narrinyeri)
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966) Pama-Nyungan Narrinyeric Korni Jarildekald