E46: DARUMBAL

AIATSIS code: 
E46
AIATSIS reference name: 
DARUMBAL

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Darumbal language E46
Thesaurus heading people
Darumbal people E46
ABN name
Darumbal language
ABS name
-
Horton name
Darumbal
Ethnologue name
Bayali (Darambal)
ISO 639-3 code
-
Tindale name
Darambal
Tindale (1974)
Tarumbal, Tarumbul, Tarambol, Taroombul, Tarm-bal, Charumbul, Warabal, Warrabal, Ningebal (horde on east side of Shoalwater Bay), Rockhampton dialect, Bauwi-warra (a horde of this or the Koinjmal tribe).
O'Grady et al (1966)
Tharumbal, Darawal, Tarumbal, Tarumbul, Charumbul
Glottocode
-
Other sources
Ta-rum-bal, Tarrombal (Roth 1898 The Aborigines of Rockhampton and surrounding coast district, ms.) [Terrill: 2002]
Synonyms
Darambal, Bayali, Darumbal, Jetimarala, Kooinmurburra, Ningebul, Taroombul, Warrabul, Yetimaralla, Dharumbal, Tharumbal, Darawal, Tarumbal, Tarumbul, Charumbul, Ta rum bal, Tarrombal, Tarambol, Tarm bal, Warabal, Warrabal, Ningebal, Rockhampton dialect, Bauwi warra
Comment
Comments: 
Terrill (2002:13) lists four dialects of Dharumbal (E46). They are Kuinmabara E49, Wapabara E82, Rakiwara E83, and Karunbara E84.
References: 
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
  • Terrill, Angela. 2002. Dharumbal: the language of Rockhampton, Australia: Pacific Linguistics 525. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
QLD
Location information: 

Rockhampton: from the Styx River in the north to Raglan Creek in the south, a conservative westerly limit is the Broad Sound-Boomer Range. Includes Keppel Isalnd and other islands close to the shore between the Styx and Raglan and the outer off-shore islands including the Percys (Memmott 1993:21 as quoted in Terrill 2002:12).

From Arthur Point on Shoalwater Bay south to Yeppoon, mouth of Fitzroy River, and Keppel Bay; inland to Boomer Range; at Marlborough, Yeppoon, Yaamba, Rock-hampton, and Gracemere (Tindale 1974).

 

Maps: 
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Links

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PDF icon Oates_E46.pdf
Tindale 1974
Awaye! Word Up: Growing Up Aboriginal: Amy McQuire
Awaye! Word Up: Trent White
Awaye! Word Up: Shella Anunakiu
Programs
Activities: 
-
People: 
Angela Terrill
Indigenous organisations: 

Darumbal Enterprises https://darumbal.com.au/darumbal-culture/darumbal-language/

Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list Less than 20 pages 1
Text Collection None 0
Grammar Sketch grammar (less than 100 pages) 2
Audio-visual None 0
Manuscript note: 
tape transcription/field note available (vocabulary)
Grammar: 

Terrill, Angela. 2002. Dharumbal: the language of Rockhampton, Australia: Pacific Linguistics 525. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.

Dictionary: 
-
Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005) Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan Kingkel Bayali (Darambal)  
Dixon (2002)   ROCKHAMPTON/GLADSTONE GROUP   Darambal Darambal further dialects: Kuinmabara, Karunbara, Rakiwara, Wapabara
Wurm (1994) Pama-Nyungan Pama-Nyungan   Darambal  
Walsh (1981) Pama-Nyungan Waka-Kabic Kingkel Darambal  
Oates (1975) Pama-Nyungan Waka-Kabic Kingkel Darambal  
Wurm (1972) Pama-Nyungan Waka-Kabic Kingkel Darambal  
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966) Pama-Nyungan Waka-Kabic Kingkel Darambal