Y26: Linngithigh

AIATSIS code: 
Y26
AIATSIS reference name: 
Linngithigh

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Linngithigh language Y26
Thesaurus heading people
Linngithigh people Y26
ABN name
-
ABS name
-
Horton name
Winda Winda (Linginiti)
Ethnologue name
Leningitij
ISO 639-3 code
lnj
Tindale name
Winduwinda (Leningiti)
Tindale (1974)
Laini-ngitti, not the same as 'Lengiti' of Weipa, Leningit
O'Grady et al (1966)
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Glottocode
leni1238
Other sources
-
Synonyms
Leningitij, Winda Winda, Linginiti, Adetingiti, Andyinit, Ndraangit, Cabati, Ladamngid, Latangeti, Latarngit, Leiningidi, Leningiti, Lenngeti, Lenngidgh, Lingitir, Linngithig, Linngiti, Onnatangnit, Umngnity, Winduwinda, Laini ngitti, not the same as Lengiti of Weipa, Leningit
Comment
Comments: 

Tindale (1974) says that this is one of the Winduwinda groups, Winduwinda being a cover term for twelve or more small groups each with a name terminating in '-ngit'. Sutton (2001:460) says that the origin of the term Winduwinda appears fundamentally geographical; centering on the Winda Winda Creek area and covering groups with lands between the Archer and Mission Rivers.

[Linngithigh] and [Alngith] are dialects of a single language (sharing, roughly, 87% of basic vocabulary). [Linngithigh], togther with most other languages north of the Watson River in Cape York Peninsula, belongs to the Northern Paman sub-group of the Paman or Cape York Peninsula group of the Pama-Nyungan phylic family. The number of speakers probably does not exceed half a dozen individuals now located at the missions of Aurukun and weipa (Hale, c. 1960).

 

References: 
  • Hale, Kenneth. c. 1960. Linngitigh. PMS 736.

  • McConnel, Ursula. 1939. Social organization of tribes of Cape York Peninsula. Oceania 10(1):54-72.

  • Roth, Walter Edmund. 1910. Social and individual nomenclature, North Queensland Ethnography Bulletin 18. Records of the Australian Museum 8(1):79-106.

  • Sutton, Peter. 2001. Talking language. In Forty years on: Ken Hale and Australian languages, ed. Jane Simpson, et al., 453-464. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.

  • Thomson. Donald. 1934. Notes on a Hero Cult from the Gulf of Carpentaria, N. Queensland. Royal Anthropological Institute -- Journal, v.64, 1934; 217-235.

  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
QLD
Location information: 

West of lower Watson River and at Aurukun (Tindale 1974). West of Watson River on McConnel's map (1939).

Linngitigh was spoken southwest of the Embley River and west of the Hey in the area called Winduwinda (Roth 1910).

The land between the Mission and Embley Rivers was occupied by the Laini'?itti tribe (Thomson 1934: 219).

[Lingithigh], not individually numbered on Greenway's map, but included by him (following Tindale 1940) in the term Winduwinda, numbered 20, was spoken southwest of the Embly River on the west side of the Hey River. This location, given by informants in 1960, does not agree with McConnel who, perhaps correctly, locates her Lengiti much farther south in the Winduwinda area (McConnel 1939 in Hale c1960).

Maps: 
-
Links

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Tindale 1974
OLAC
SIL
Programs
Activities: 
-
People: 
Ken Hale
Indigenous organisations: 

Pama Language Centre https://www.pamacentre.org.au/?page_id=95

Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates6
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list Small (20-100 pages) 2
Text Collection None 0
Grammar A few articles 1
Audio-visual 1-10 2
Manuscript note: 
tape transcription/field note available
Grammar: 

Hale, Ken. 1960 Linngitigh. Tucson: Univ. of Arizona.

Dictionary: 

Hale, Ken. 1997. A Linngithigh vocabulary. In Boundary rider: essays in honour of Geoffrey O'Grady: Pacific Linguistics C136, D Tryon and M Walsh, 209-259. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics,

Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005) Pama-Nyungan Paman Northern Pama Leningitij  
Dixon (2002)   NORTH CAPE YORK SUBGROUP* Northern Paman subgroup* - Hale (1964, 1976b) Linngithigh Anguthimri Hale (1966b), Crowley (1981) dialects: Nggerikudi (or Yupungati), Tjungundji, Mpakwithi, Awngthim (with subdialects Mamngayt, Ntrwa'ngayth, Thyanngayth), Ntra'angith, Alngith, Linngithigh
Wurm (1994) Pama-Nyungan Paman   Linngithigh  
Walsh (1981) Pama-Nyungan Paman Northern Pama Linngithigh  
Oates (1975) Pama-Nyungan   Northern Pama Linngithig  
Wurm (1972) Pama-Nyungan Pama-Maric Northern Pama Linngithig  
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966) Pama-Nyungan Pama-Maric Northern Pama Linngithig