D54: Yuwaalayaay

AIATSIS code: 
D54
AIATSIS reference name: 
Yuwaalayaay

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Thesaurus heading people
ABN name
-
ABS name
-
Horton name
Kamilaroi (Euahlayi)
Ethnologue name
-
ISO 639-3 code
-
Tindale name
Ualarai (Yuwalyai)
Tindale (1974)
Yualarai, Yualloroi, Yowaleri, Uollaroi, Youallerie, Yualari, Yualai, Yualeai, Yerraleroi, Yowairi, Yuolary, Eu-ahlayi, Yourilri, Youahlayi, Jualjai, Juwaljai, Yuwalyai, Wallarai, Wolleroi, Walleri, Woleroi, Wollaroi, Gingi (name of a station on bank of Barwon River opposite Walgett), Brewarrana tribe ([u'al] = ['wol] = ['wal] means 'yes'; the correct Ualarai negative is ['wongo]; Radcliffe-Brown was in error in recording 'yual' as meaning 'no').
O'Grady et al (1966)
Ualari, Juwalarai, Yualarai, Uollaroi, Yualai, Yerraleroi
Glottocode
-
Other sources
Yualeai [Mathews 1902] Yuwaalayaay [Ash, Giacon, and Lissarrague 2003]
Synonyms
Yuwaaliyaay, Euahlayi, Kamilaroi, Gamilaroi, Guyinbaray, Juwalarai, Ualarai, Walarai, Weraerai, Wirajarai, Yuwaalaraay, Yualyai, Ualari, Yualarai, Uollaroi, Yualai, Yerraleroi, Yuwalyay, Yualeai, Yualloroi, Yowaleri, Youallerie, Yualari, Yowairi, Yuolary, Eu ahlayi, Yourilri, Youahlayi, Jualjai, Juwaljai, Yuwalyai, Wallarai, Wolleroi, Walleri, Woleroi, Wollaroi, Gingi, Brewarrana tribe
Comment
Comments: 

The language name is constructed with the word yuwaal 'no' + proprietive suffix -ayaay which indicates a characteristic 'having' or 'with', thus 'gamil-araay' or 'no-having'. 

There are just a few words which are recorded as different in Yuwaalayaay D54 and Yuwaalaraay D27 while there are many more differences between these two languages and Gamilaraay D23. Therefore, linguistically, but not socially, it is established that Gamilaraay D23, Yuwaalaraay D27, Yuwaalayaay (D54) are dialects of a single language (Ash, Giacon and Lissarrague 2003: 5).

Wafer and Lissarrague make the case that Guyinbaraay D15, Wirraay-Wirraay D66 and Gawambaraay D39 are also dialects of the same language as Gamilaraay, Yuwaalaraay and Yuwaalayaay (2008: 216).

See also Yuwaalaraay D27 and Gamilaraay D23 for resources.

 

 

References: 
  • Ash, Anna, John Giacon & Amanda Lissarrague eds. 2003. Gamilaraay - Yuwaalaraay - Yuwaalayaay dictionary. Alice Springs: IAD Press.
  • Austin, Peter, Corinne J. Williams & Stephen Wurm. 1980. The linguistic situation in north central New South Wales. In Papers in Australian Linguistics 13, 167-180. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
  • MacLean, Mark, & Giacon, John. 2020. Gamilaraay Yuwaalaraay Yuwaalayaay Pocket Dictionary and Phrasebook. Lightning Ridge: Barriekneal Housing and Community Ltd.
  • Mathews, Robert Hamilton. 1902. Languages of some native tribes of Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria. Journal of the Royal Society of NSW 36:135-190.

  • Skulthorpe, Tex. 2001. Using Aboriginal art and language to teach. Haymarket, NSW: NAPCAN.
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
  • Wafer, Jim, and Amanda Lissarrague. 2008. A handbook of Aboriginal languages of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. Nambucca Heads: Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative.
  • Williams, Corinne J. 1980. A grammar of Yuwaalaraay: Pacific Linguistics B-74. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
NSW
Location information: 

It appears to have extended southwards to near Walgett, and northwards into the basin of the Moonie River (Williams 1980: 3).

Tindale (1974: 199) says that the territory did not extend this far north, but gives no basis for this statement. To the west the boundary fell between the Culgoa and Birrie Rivers, and extended eastwards almost to Collarenebri. Within this it is not possible to define an exact boundary between Yuwaalaraay and Yuwaaliyaay. There is, however, some evidence to suggest that Yuwaaliyaay territory was predominantly to the north of the area, and Yuwaalaraay to the south. in the area bounded by the Barwon and Narran Rivers north of Lightning Ridge (Austin, Williams and Wurm 1980:169).

Goodooga-Narran River area (Ash, Giacon, and Lissarrague 2003:5).

Located upon a tract of country in southern Queensland, including Bokhara, Birrie, Narran, Ballonne and Moonie Rivers, and extend some distance within the New South Wales frontier (Mathews 1902:137) Note that Mathews does not seem to make a distinction between Yualeai (Yuwaalayaay) and Yuwaalaraay D27 thus the area given by Mathews probably includes the area for Yuwaalaraay.

 

Maps: 
-
Links
Programs
Activities: 

See also Yuwaalaraay D27 and Gamilaraay D23.

 

People: 
Janet Mathews, Corrine Williams, K. Langloh Parker, Fr Ernest Worms, Anna Ash, John Giacon, Amanda Lissarrague
Indigenous organisations: 
-
Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list Large (more than 200 pages) 4
Text Collection Less than 20 pages 1
Grammar Small grammar (100-200 pages) 3
Audio-visual None 0
Manuscript note: 
-
Grammar: 

Williams, Corrine J. 1980. A grammar of Yuwaalaraay: Pacific Linguistic B74. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.

Dictionary: 

Ash, Anna, Giacon, John, and Lissarrague, Amanda. 2003. Gamilaraay, Yuwaalaraay & Yuwaalayaay dictionary. Alice Springs: IAD Press.

Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005)          
Dixon (2002)   CENTRAL NEW SOUTH WALES GROUP Central inland New South Wales subgroup* Yuwaaliyaay (Euahlayi) Gamilaraay (Kamilaroi) Williams (1980) further dialects: Yuwaalaraay, Yuwaaliyaay (Euahlayi), Gunjbaraay, Gawambaraay, Wirayaraay (or Wiriwiri), Walaraay | Wiradhurri (or Wirratherie or Wirradgerry or Waradgery or Woradgery, etc.) H. Hale (1846), Günther (1892) possible further dialect: Wiraiari
Wurm (1994)          
Walsh (1981) Pama-Nyungan Wiradhuric   Yuwaaliyaay Gamilaraay (Kamilaroi) [dialects: Gamilaraay, Northern Gamilaraay, Guyinbaraay, Gamilaraay, Wiriyaraay, Gawambaraay, Yuwaaliyaay]
Oates (1975) Pama-Nyungan Wiradjuric Main Wiradjuric Yuwalyay  
Wurm (1972) Pama-Nyungan Wiradjuric Main Wiradjuric Yualyai  
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966) Pama-Nyungan Wiradjuric Main Yualyai