D27: Yuwaalaraay | AIATSIS Collection

AIATSIS code:

D27

AIATSIS reference name:

Yuwaalaraay

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Name

ABN name	-
ABS name	-
Horton name	Kamilaroi (Juwalarai/Ualarai)
Ethnologue name	-
ISO 639-3 code	-
Tindale name	Ualarai
Thesaurus heading language	Yuwaalaraay language D27
Thesaurus heading (old)	Yuwaalaraay / Euahlayi / Yuwaaliyaay language (D27) (NSW SH55-07)
Tindale (1974)	Yualarai, Yualloroi, Yowaleri, Uollaroi, Youallerie, Yualari, Yualai, Yualeai, Yerraleroi, Yowairi, Yuolary, Eu-ahlayi, Yourilri, Youahlayi, Jualjai, Juwaljai, Yuwalyai, Wallarai, Wolleroi, Walleri, Woleroi, Wollaroi, Gingi (name of a station on bank of Barwon River opposite Walgett), Brewarrana tribe ([u'al] = ['wol] = ['wal] means 'yes'; the correct Ualarai negative is ['wongo]; Radcliffe-Brown was in error in recording 'yual' as meaning 'no').
O'Grady et al (1966)
Glottocode	-
Other sources	Jualrai [Holmer 1983] Yowalleri [Barlow 1873] Yowalri [Quinn 1897] Wallarai [Mathews]
Synonyms	Wiraiari, Kamilaroi, Juwalarai/Ualarai, Euahlayi, Gamilaroi, Guyinbaray, Juwalarai, Ualarai, Walarai, Weraerai, Wirajarai, Yuwalarai, Jualrai, Yualarai, Yualloroi, Yowaleri, Uollaroi, Youallerie, Yualari, Yualai, Yualeai, Yerraleroi, Yowairi, Yuolary, Eu ahlayi, Yourilri, Youahlayi, Jualjai, Juwaljai, Yuwalyai, Wallarai, Wolleroi, Walleri, Woleroi, Wollaroi, Gingi, Brewarrana tribe, yuwalaray, yuwalaraay

Comment

Comments:

Yuwaalaraay, Wirraay-Wirraay D28, Guyinbaraay D15, Gamilaraay D23, Yuwaalayaay D54, Waalaraay D55 and Gawambaraay D39 are in a dialectal relationship. Some use the term 'Gamilaraay language' as a cover term for these dialects. Yuwaalaraay is not to be confused with Yuwaalayaay D54, a closely related dialect according to Williams (1980). Yuwalarai by Oates (1975) and Wurm (1972) probably belongs here.

References:

Austin, Peter, Corinne J. Williams and Stephen Wurm. 1980. The linguistic situation in north central New South Wales. In Papers in Australian Linguistics 13, 167-180. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Dixon, R.M.W. 2002. Australian languages: their nature and development. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Oates, Lynette F. 1975. The 1973 supplement to a revised linguistic survey of Australia. Armidale: Armidale Christian Book Centre.
Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
Williams, Corinne J. 1980. A grammar of Yuwaalaraay: Pacific Linguistics B-74. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Wurm, S. A. 1972. Languages of Australia and Tasmania. The Hague: Mouton.

Status:

Confirmed

Location

State / Territory:

NSW

QLD

Location information:

It appears to have extended southwards to near Walgett, and northwards into the basin of the Moonie River (Williams 1980:3) Tindale (1974:199) says that the territory did not extend this far north, but gives no basis for this statement. To the west the boundary fell between the Culgoa and Birrie Rivers, and extended eastwards almost to Collarenebri. Within this it is not possible to define an exact boundary between Yuwaalaraay and Yuwaaliyaay. There is, however, some evidence to suggest that Yuwaaliyaay territory was predominantly to the north of the area, and Yuwaalaraay to the south. between Lightning Ridge and Naroon Lake (Austin, Williams and Wurm 1980:169).

Maps:

Catalogue

Links

Yuwaalaraay gaay Gamilaraay garay

Awaye! Word Up: Uncle Vic Chapman

Awaye! Word Up: In extreme close-up: Joel Bray on Biladurang

Programs

Activities:

A year 7-8 Yuwaalaraay-Gamilaraay course was taught at Walgett High and Goodooga Central School in 1999 and 2001. The text book for the course and a wordlist were published early 1999. The language is taught at school in Walgett under a language program which started in 1996. A similar program is offered at Goodooga Central School since 1997. Murdi Paaki Regional Enterprise Corporation received funding from the Maintenance of Indigenous Languages and Records program in the 2008-2009 financial year in order to teach the Yuwaalaraay/Murrawarri languages to students and community members in Goodooga.

People:

Anna Ash, John Giacon, Amanda Lissarrague, Janet Mathews, Corrine Williams, Norman Tindale, R.H. Mathews, Fr Ernest Worms, Stephen Wurm

Indigenous organisations:

MurdiPaaki Regional Enterprise Corporation

Speakers

Year	Source	Speaker numbers
1975	Oates	-
1984	Senate	-
1990	Schmidt	-
1996	Census	-
2001	Census	-
2004	NILS	-
2005	Estimate	-
2006	Census	-
2011	Census	-
2016	Census	-

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation

Type	Documentation Status	Documentation Score
Word list	Large (more than 200 pages)	4
Text Collection	Small (20-100 pages)	2
Grammar	Small grammar (100-200 pages)	3
Audio-visual	More than 10	3

Manuscript note:

tape transcription/field note available (unclear content)

Grammar:

Williams, Corrine. 1980 A grammar of Yuwaalaraay: Pacific Linguistic B74. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.

Dictionary:

Ash, Anna, Giacon, John, and Lissarrague, Amanda. 2003. Gamilaraay, Yuwaalaraay & Yuwaalayaay dictionary. Alice Springs: IAD Press. Giacon, John and Nahtan, David. 2009. Gayarragi, Winangali - Find and Hear (an electronic resource available from http://lah.soas.ac.uk/projects/gw/. Includes words, sentences, stories and songs.)

Classification

Source	Family	Group	Sub-group	Name	Relationship
Ethnologue (2005)
Dixon (2002)		CENTRAL NEW SOUTH WALES GROUP	Central inland New South Wales subgroup*	Yuwaalaraay \| Wiraiari	Gamilaraay (Kamilaroi) Williams (1980) further dialects: Yuwaalaraay, Yuwaaliyaay (Euahlayi), Gunjbaraay, Gawambaraay, Wirayaraay (or Wiriwiri), Walaraay \| Wiradhurri (or Wirratherie or Wirradgerry or Waradgery or Woradgery, etc.) H. Hale (1846), Günther (1892) possible further dialect: Wiraiari
Wurm (1994)
Walsh (1981)	Pama-Nyungan	Wiradhuric		Yuwaalaraay	Gamilaraay (Kamilaroi) [dialects: Gamilaraay, Northern Gamilaraay, Guyinbaraay, Gamilaraay, Wiriyaraay, Gawambaraay, Yuwaaliyaay]
Oates (1975)	Pama-Nyungan	Wiradjuric	Main Wiradjuric	Yuwalarai
Wurm (1972)	Pama-Nyungan	Wiradjuric	Main Wiradjuric	Yuwalarai
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966)