E64: Ganulu

AIATSIS code: 
E64
AIATSIS reference name: 
Ganulu

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Ganulu language E64
Thesaurus heading people
ABN name
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ABS name
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Horton name
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Ethnologue name
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ISO 639-3 code
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Tindale name
Kanolu
Tindale (1974)
Kanoloo, Kanalloo.
O'Grady et al (1966)
Glottocode
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Other sources
Kanoloo [Josephson in Curr 1886]
Synonyms
Kanolu, Kanoloo, Kanalloo
Comment
Comments: 
According to Terrill (1998:94), this appears to be within Biri territory, but it is actually more likely to be a dialect of the Bidyara E37 language. Josephson's word list in Curr (1886) 'Head of the Comet River' is this language.
References: 
  • Terrill, Angela. 1998. Biri: Languages of the world 258. München: Lincom Europa.
  • Dixon, R. M. W. 2002. Australian languages: their nature and development: Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
  • Josephson, Thomas. 1887. Head of the Comet River. In The Australian race vol. 3, ed. E. M. Curr, 96-99. Melbourne: John Farnes, Government Printer.
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
QLD
Location information: 
Eastern headwaters of the Comet River from Rolle-ston north to Blackwater and upper Mackenzie River; east to about Dingo and vicinity of Duaringa (Tindale 1974). Terrill (1988:94) seems to agree with the location given by Tindale (1974).
Maps: 
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Links

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Tindale 1974
Programs
Activities: 
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People: 
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Indigenous organisations: 
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Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
TypeDocumentation StatusDocumentation Score
Word listLess than 20 pages1
Text CollectionNone0
GrammarNone0
Audio-visualNone0
Manuscript note: 
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Grammar: 
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Dictionary: 
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Classification
SourceFamilyGroupSub-groupNameRelationship
Ethnologue (2005)
Dixon (2002)GREATER MARIC GROUPMaric proper subgroupGanuluBidjara* Breen (1973, 1981a) further dialects: Gungabula, Marrganj, Gunja, Wadjigu, Gayiri, Dharawala, Wadjalang, Wadjabangayi, Yiningayi, Yanjdjibara, Mandandanjdji, Guwamu, Gunggari, Ganulu, Gabulbara, Wadja, Nguri
Wurm (1994)
Walsh (1981)
Oates (1975)
Wurm (1972)
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966)