K33: Kuluwarrang

AIATSIS code: 
K33
AIATSIS reference name: 
Kuluwarrang

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Kuluwarrang language K33
Thesaurus heading people
Kuluwarrang people K33
ABN name
-
ABS name
-
Horton name
Kija (Kuluwarrang)
Ethnologue name
Kitja [Kuluwarrang]
ISO 639-3 code
-
Tindale name
Arnga (Kulu-waran)
Tindale (1974)
Woljamidi, Woljamiri, Molyamidi, Kuluwara, Kulu-waran, Guluwarin, Kolaia, Arawari, Arawodi, ? Yamandil.
O'Grady et al (1966)
Glottocode
-
Other sources
Gooloowarrang (KLS) [Kimberley Handbook]
Synonyms
Kitja, Guluwarin, Woljamidi, Woljamiri, Molyamidi, Kuluwara, Kulu waran, Kolaia, Arawari, Arawodi, Yamandil
Comment
Comments: 
According to Frances Kofod (p.c. in Kimberley Handbook), it is not clear whether Kuluwarrang is a language distinct from Kija K20, a dialect of Kija, or just an alternative name of Kija. Some Miriwoong K29 speakers appear to use this term in preference to the term Kija. Some Turkey Creek people say that Kuluwarrang is the Turkey Creek dialect of Kija, whereas Lungka is the Halls Creek dialect. Not all sources agree, however. McGregor (2004:40) says that Kuluwarrang is possibly a dialect of Kija.
References: 
  • McGregor, William. 2004. The languages of the Kimberley, Western Australia. New York: RoutledgeCurzon.
  • Oates, William J., and Lynette F. Oates. 1970. A revised linguistic survey of Australia: Australian Aboriginal Studies 33, Linguistic Series 12. Canberra: AIAS.
Status: 
Potential data
Location
State / Territory: 
WA
Location information: 
Lower Ord River, and Durack Range WA (Oates & Oates 1970:39)
Maps: 
-
Links

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PDF icon Oates_K33.pdf
Tindale 1974
Handbook of Kimberley Languages (1988): 

Widi (A13 ) in Handbook of Kimberley Languages (1988).

3.3 Kuluwarrang / Guluwarin

Names of the language and different spellings that have been used:
Gooloowarrang (KLS), Gulawurong (SIL), Guluwarin (AIAS, Black, Capell, Oates), Guluwarung (SIL), Kuluwarin (Taylor)
It is not clear whether Kuluwarrang is a distinct language from Kija, a dialect, or just an alternative name for the language - some Miriwoong speakers appear to use this term in preference to the term Kija. Some Turkey Creek people say that Kuluwarrang is the Turkey Creek dialect of Kija, whereas Lungka is the Halls Creek dialect; however, others do not agree (Frances Kofod, pers.comm.). According to Capell (1940:405) and Taylor (see Oates 1975:49), the name is probably derived from kulu 'water' and waring 'two'.
Classification of the language:
Jarrakan family, Kijic group.
Identification codes:
AIAS: K33
Oates 1973: 42.2
Capell: K10
Present number and distribution of speakers:
Glasgow, Hocking and Steiner report some speakers in Wyndham.
People who have worked intensively on the language:
No one
Practical orthography:
None currently in use; Kija variant of the South Kimberley orthography would be suitable.
Word lists:
Capell (1940), Summer Institute of Linguistics (1971)
Textual material:
None
Grammar or sketch grammar:
Capell (1940:405) contains the only grammatical information.
Material available on the language:
Capell, A. 1940. The classification of languages in north and north-west Australia. Oceania 10. 241-272, 404-433.
Summer Institute of Linguistics. 1971. AIAS word list for N.E. Kimberleys survey: Gulawurong language. AIAS tape A2182. 18pp. manuscript.
Language programme:
None
Language learning material:
None
Literacy material:
None

McGregor, William. 1988 Handbook of Kimberley Languages. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. © Author.

AIATSIS gratefully acknowledge William McGregor for permission to use his material in AUSTLANG.

Programs
Activities: 
-
People: 
-
Indigenous organisations: 
-
Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
TypeDocumentation StatusDocumentation Score
Word listLess than 20 pages1
Text CollectionNone0
GrammarNone0
Audio-visualNone0
Manuscript note: 
tape transcription/field note available (Nekes) - unclear status
Grammar: 
-
Dictionary: 
-
Classification
SourceFamilyGroupSub-groupNameRelationship
Ethnologue (2005)DjeraganKitja [Kuluwarrang]Kitja [dialects: Closest to Miriwung. Related to Kuluwarrang (Guluwarin, Guluwarung)]
Dixon (2002)KITJA/MIRIWUNG SUBGROUP*KuluwarrangKitja (=Lunga, Lungga) possible further dialects: Kuluwarrang, Walgi
Wurm (1994)DjeraganKitjicGuluwarin
Walsh (1981)DjeraganKitjicGuluwarin
Oates (1975)DjeraganGidjicGuluwarin
Wurm (1972)DjeraganGidjicGuluwarin
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966)DjeraganGidjicGuluwarin