Y214: Yirrk-Thangalkl

AIATSIS code: 
Y214
AIATSIS reference name: 
Yirrk-Thangalkl

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Yirrk-Thangalkl language Y214
Thesaurus heading people
ABN name
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ABS name
Cape York Peninsula Languages, nec (Dangedl)
Horton name
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Ethnologue name
Yir Yoront [Jir'jorond (Yir Thangedl)]
ISO 639-3 code
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Tindale name
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Tindale (1974)
O'Grady et al (1966)
Glottocode
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Other sources
Yir Mel (Sharp) [Barry Alpher's. 2006 p.c.] Yirr-Thangell (pronounced [thángedl]), Yir Yoront name for Yiirk-Thangalkl) Yirrk-Thangalkl (Kuuk-Thaayorre name for Yirrik-Thangalkl), Kok-Wap (Koko Bera name for Yirrk-Thangalkl),Yirr-Mel (Yir Yoront name for Yirrk-Mel), Yirrk-Mel (Yirrk-Thangalkl name for Yirrk-Mel), Kok-Cel (Koko Bera name for Yirrk-Mel) [Alpher.p.c. 2006]
Synonyms
Yirr, k, Mel, Dangedl, Yir Yoront Yirr Thangell, Yir Yoront name for Yiirk Thangalkl, Kok Wap, Yirr Mel, Yirrk Mel, Kok Cel
Comment
Comments: 
Yirrk-Thangalkl / Yir(k)-Mel (Y214) is a 'sister dialect' with Yir-Yoront Y72; Yir(k)-Mel shares traditional country with Uw-El Y207 speakers (linguistically associated with Olkol Y73 ? Oykangand Y101 languages) (Alpher, 1991:4). Barney Jubilee, whose countries were around the mouths of the South and Main Mitchell Rivers, called his speech Yirrk-Thangalkl. Raymond George, whose country was just 10 km north of Kowanyama (south of Barney Jubilee's country), called his speech Yirrk-Mel, but was perfectly comfortable with the designation Yirrk-Thangalkl or Yirr-Thangell (the Yir-Yoront Y72 pronunciation); Yirrk-Thangalkl and Kok-Kaper Y85 people were always 'mixed'; in modern times the people from south of the South Mitchell River identify with Kok-Kaper language. Yirrk-Mel seems to have been known in Koko-Bera Y85 as Kok-Wap Y209 (Alpher, p.c. 2007).
References: 
  • Alpher, Barry. 1967. Yir-Thangedl. MS 1191.
  • Alpher, Barry. 1974. 100 word list for Australian languages ; Wik Mungkany, Yir Yiront and Yir Thangedl. PMS 14.
  • Alpher, Barry. 1973. Son of ergative: the Yir Yoront language of northeast Australia, Cornell University: PhD. MS 77.
  • Alpher, Barry. 1991. Yir-Yoront lexicon: sketch and dictionary of an Australian language: Trends in Linguistics, Documentation 6. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
QLD
Location information: 

Yirrk-Thangalkl ... around the mouths of the South and Main Mitchell Rivers; Yirrk-Mel ... to the south, around 10 km north of Kowanyama. The boundary of Kok-Kaper and Yirrk-Thangalkl/Mel runs south of the South Mitchell River ? but the people of that area were always "mixed" Kok-Kaper/Yirrk-Thangalkl, and nowadays their language identity is Kok-Kaper (Alpher 2007 p.c.).

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Programs
Activities: 
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People: 
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Indigenous organisations: 
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Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS1-
2005Estimate-
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list None 0
Text Collection None 0
Grammar None 0
Audio-visual None 0
Manuscript note: 
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Grammar: 
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Dictionary: 
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Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005) Pama-Nyungan Paman Yir Yoront Yir Yoront [Jir'jorond (Yir Thangedl)] Yir Yoront [dialects: Dangedl (Dhanu'un, Djudjan, Dudjym), Gorminang, Jir'jorond (Jirmel Mel-Jir, Ngamba'wandh, Yirmel, Yirtangettle, Yir Thangedl, Yirtutiym).]
Dixon (2002)   WESTERN CAPE YORK PENINSULA AREAL GROUP Coastal southwest Pama group Yirrk-Thangalkl (=Yirr(k)-Mel) Yir-Yoront (Yirr-Yorront, or Yirr-Thutjim) Alpher (1991) further dialects: Yirrk-Thangalkl (=Yirr(k)-Mel)
Wurm (1994) Pama-Nyungan Paman   Yir Thangedl  
Walsh (1981) Pama-Nyungan Paman Western Pama Yir Thangedl  
Oates (1975)          
Wurm (1972)          
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966)