Y64: Pakanh | AIATSIS Collection

AIATSIS code:

Y64

AIATSIS reference name:

Pakanh

tabs_horizontal

Name

Thesaurus heading language	Pakanh language Y64
Thesaurus heading people	Pakanh people Y64
ABN name	-
ABS name	-
Horton name	Bakanh
Ethnologue name	Pakanha
ISO 639-3 code	pkn
Tindale name	Ajabakan
Tindale (1974)	Aiabakan, Bakanu, Baganu.
O'Grady et al (1966)
Glottocode	paka1251
Other sources	Bakanha, Yir Mayan (by the Yir Yoron), Uw Ayan (by Kunjen) [Sommer 1969] (Koko-) Jan (Koko-Bera name) [Capell 1963:Y62] YirrqMayvn (Yir-Yoront name), Uw-Ayan (Uw-Oykangand name) [Alpher 2006 p.c.]
Synonyms	Bakanha, Ayabakan, u, Pakanha, Bakanh, Ajabakan, Ajabatha, Aiabakan, Aw Ayan, Baganu, Bakanu, Gugu Jan, Jan, Kokojan, Pakanhu, Yir Mayan, Uw Ayan

Comment

Comments:

Bakanha (Y64) is called Koko Jan Y96 by the Koko-Bera Y85; Yir Mayan by the Yir Yoront Y72 name and Uw Ayan by the Kunjen Y83 (Sommer, 1969:5).

It was also known as Aiabakan by Sharpe, i.e. Aya Pakanh "Pakanh language" (1938/1939 in Verstraete and Rigsby 2015:14).

Smith and Johnson speculate that Pakanh is likely to be a Wik language, but certainly not one of the Nganhcara Y59 group (2000:363).

Rigsby (in Sonnaert) agrees with this, describing Western Ayapathu Y181, Pakanh and Wik Mungkan as a family-like language (in Sonnaert, 2013:5).

Sutton describes Pakanh and Ayapathu as dialects of a single language and genetically linked to the Wik family (in Rigsby 2001, in Sonnaert, 2013:5).

References:

Smith, Ian, and Steve Johnson. 2000. Kugu Nganhcara. In Handbook of Australian languages, vol. 5, eds R. M. W. Dixon and Barry J. Blake, 355-489. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
Sommer, Bruce. 1969. Kunjen phonology: Synchronic and diachronic. In Pacific Linguistics B-11, Wurm, SA, DC Laycock and CL Voorhoeve eds. Canberra: Australian National University.
Sonnaert, Jolijn . 2013. Pakanh - An Analysis Based on Recordings made by Bruce Sommer. Master of Arts thesis. University of Leuven.
Verstraete, Jean-Christophe and Bruce Rigsby. 2015. A grammar and lexicon of Yintyingka. Boston : De Gruyter Mouton.

Status:

Confirmed

Location

State / Territory:

QLD

Location information:

Headwaters of Holroyd & Edward Rivers (Oates 1975:277). Upper Edward River (Tindale 1974).

Maps:

Links

Search MURA people®

Search MURA language®

(This is an archived website) Pakanh Alphabetical Search Index (dictionary)

Programs

Activities:

People:

Philip Hamilton, Bruce Sommer

Indigenous organisations:

Speakers

Year	Source	Speaker numbers
1975	Oates	-
1984	Senate	-
1990	Schmidt	-
1996	Census	-
2001	Census	-
2004	NILS1	-
2005	Estimate	-
2006	Census	-
2011	Census	-
2014	NILS2
2016	Census	-
2018-2019	NILS3

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation

Type	Documentation Status	Documentation Score
Word list	Small (20-100 pages)	2
Text Collection	None	0
Grammar	None	0
Audio-visual	1-10	2

Manuscript note:

Check Pakanha : [transcription of tape A3376b]

Grammar:

Dictionary:

Hamilton, Philip. Pakanh material, ASEDA 0573. (Archived webpage) Pakanh Alphabetical Search Indix (dictionary): http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/13779/20020506-0000/www.geocities.com/Athens/Delphi/2970/pakalpha.htm

Classification

Source	Family	Group	Sub-group	Name	Relationship
Ethnologue (2005)	Pama-Nyungan	Paman	Middle Pama	Pakanha
Dixon (2002)		NORTH CAPE YORK SUBGROUP*	Wik subgroup*	Bakanha (or Ayabakan(u))	Bakanha (or Ayabakan(u))
Wurm (1994)	Pama-Nyungan	Paman		Pakanha
Walsh (1981)	Pama-Nyungan	Paman	Middle Pama	Pakanha
Oates (1975)	Pama-Nyungan		Middle Pama	Baganu
Wurm (1972)	Pama-Nyungan	Pama-Maric	Middle Pama	Bakanha
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966)