E10: Yaygirr^

AIATSIS code: 
E10
AIATSIS reference name: 
Yaygirr^

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Name
Thesaurus heading language
Thesaurus heading people
ABN name
Yaygir language
ABS name
-
Horton name
Gumbainggir (Jiegera/Yaygir)
Ethnologue name
Kumbainggar [Yaygir]
ISO 639-3 code
-
Tindale name
Jiegera
Tindale (1974)
Yiegera, Jeigir, Yegera, Youngai, Jungai.
O'Grady et al (1966)
Jiegera, Yiegera
Glottocode
-
Other sources
Jeigir (Smythe 1948-49 Elementary grammar of the Gumbáinggar languages [Crowley 1979] Yuraygir, Yeigra, Yaegle [Flynn 1996:3]
Synonyms
Kumbainggar, Gumbainggir, Jiegera/Yaygir, Baanbay, Banbai, Gamlamang, Jiegera, Kumbainggiri, Yaygir, Yuungay, Jeigir, Ji:gara, Jireigir, Jungai, Yaegl, Yegera, Yegir, Yiegera, Youngai
Comment
Comments: 

Yaegl people use the term Yaygirr to refer to the language (Morelli 2012:1). Yaygirr is a Pama-Nyungan language and sits with Gumbaynggirr E7 in the Gumbaynggirric group.

Yaygirr is a language name and is also one of four dialects: Yaygirr, Yirraygirr E99, Yunggaya E9 and Birriin E72 (Morelli, 2012:1). Birihn E72 is also desribed as a dialect of Bundjalung E12 (Crowley 1978 and Sharpe 2005).

Yaygirr consonants include three rhotics, a retroflex continuant/tap and one voiced and one voiceless alveolar trill (Morelli, 2012:158).

 

References: 
  • Crowley, Terry. 1979. Yaygir. In Handbook of Australian languages vol. 1, eds R. M. W. Dixon and B. J. Blake, 363-384. Canberra: ANU Press.
  • Crowley, Terry. 1978. The Middle Clarence dialects of Bandjalang (Includes 1940s Bandjalang grammar by W. E. Smythe): Research and Regional Studies 12. Canberra: AIAS.
  • Morelli, Steve. 2012. Yaygirr dictionary and grammar. Nambucca Heads: Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative.
  • Sharpe, Margaret. 1985. An introduction to the Bundjalung language and its dialects. Armidale: Armidale College of Advanced Education..
  • Radcliffe-Brown, Alfred. R. 1929. Notes on totemism in eastern Australia. In Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 59 (1929), pp. 399-415.
  • Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal tribes of Australia: their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names. Berkeley: University of California Press/Canberra: Australian National University Press.
Status: 
Confirmed
Location
State / Territory: 
NSW
Location information: 

... coastal strip from Coffs Harbour to Evans Head, extended no further inland than Cowper on the Clarence River (Crowley 1979).

On the map by Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative, Yaygir doesn't stretch as south as Coffs Harbour. ... around the mouth of the Clarence River (ALRRC).

Lower Clarence River from Grafton to the sea; northern boundary not clearly established (Tindale 1974). Contemporary location : Yamba, McLean, Red Rock

 

Maps: 
-
Links
Programs
Activities: 
-
People: 
Steve Morelli, David Prosser, Terry Crowley.
Indigenous organisations: 

Ulugundahi Elders Aboriginal Corporation; Wdajri Myiral Elders Aboriginal Corporation; Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Cooperative;

Speakers
Year Source Speaker numbers
1975Oates-
1984Senate-
1990Schmidt-
1996Census-
2001Census-
2004NILS12
2005Estimate2
2006Census-
2011Census-
2014NILS2
2016Census-
2018-2019NILS31-10

Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.

Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).

Documentation
Type Documentation Status Documentation Score
Word list Small (20-100 pages) 2
Text Collection Less than 20 pages 1
Grammar A few articles 1
Audio-visual 1-10 2
Manuscript note: 
tape transcription/field note available
Grammar: 

Crowley, Terry. 1979. Yaygir. In Handbook of Australian languages, vol 1, eds. RMW Dixon and B Blake, 363-384. Canberra: Australian National University Press.

Dictionary: 

Flynn, Rita. 1996. Yaygirr to English dictionary. Coffs Harbour: R Flynn.

Classification
Source Family Group Sub-group Name Relationship
Ethnologue (2005) Pama-Nyungan Gumbaynggaric Gumbainggar Kumbainggar [Yaygir] Kumbainggar [dialects: related to Yaygirr]
Dixon (2002)   CENTRAL EAST COAST GROUP Gumbaynggirr/Yaygirr subgroup Yaygirr Yaygirr Crowley (1979)
Wurm (1994) Pama-Nyungan Yaygir   Yaygir  
Walsh (1981) Pama-Nyungan Gumbaynggiric Yaygir Yaygir  
Oates (1975) Pama-Nyungan Gumbainggaric Yegir Yegir  
Wurm (1972) Pama-Nyungan Gumbainggaric Yegir Yegir (Yiegera, Yigara)  
O'Grady, Voegelin and Voegelin (1966) Pama-Nyungan Yegiric   Yegir