Sharpe coined the name Yugambeh - Bundjalung as a cover term for a group of dialects from north - east New South Wales and south - east Queensland (2005) and produced a dictionary (on CDROM) of Yugambeh - Bundjalung in 2013.
Nganduwal takes its name from the interrogative pronoun ngando meaning 'who' (Livingston, 1892 in Sharpe 2005:4).
Crowley indicates Minjangbal E18 'seems to be distinct from ... Nganduwal (E78), with which it shares between 85 per cent and 90 per cent of its vocabulary' (1978:150).
Sharpe and Crowley say that the [Upper] Nerang Creek dialect E77 has a cognate count of 90% with Nganduwal, but Crowley adding that the sources for Nerang Creek constantly diverge from Nganduwal (Sharpe 2001, Crowley 1978 in Wafer & Lissarrague, 2008: 355).
See also other dialects in the Bundjalung - Yugembeh dialect chain: Bundjalung E12; Birihn E72; Casino language E73; Ngarabal E92; Dinggabal E16.1; Galibal E15; Geynyan D36; Gidhabal E14; Mananjahli E76; Minyangbal E18; Nerang Creek language E77; Ngarahgwal E79; Nyangbal E75; Wahlubal E16.2; Wehlubal E80; Wiyabal E16; Wudjebal E96 and Yugambeh E17.
Documentation for Bundjalung E12 and / or Yugambeh E17 may be relevant.
Wafer, Jim and Lissarrague, Amanda. 2008. A handbook of Aboriginal languages of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. Nambucca Heads: Muurrbay ALCC.
... the language ... was spoken in the Tweed Valley, including the geographical points of Tweed Heads, Point Danger, Cudgen and Murwillumbah (Crowley, 1978: 150-1).
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Speaker numbers were measured differently across the censuses and various other sources listed in AUSTLANG. You are encouraged to refer to the sources.
Speaker numbers for ‘NILS 2004’ and ‘2005 estimate’ come from 'Table F.3: Numbers of speakers of Australian Indigenous languages (various surveys)' in 'Appendix F NILS endangerment and absolute number results' in McConvell, Marmion and McNicol 2005, pages 198-230 (PDF, 2.5MB).
Sharpe, Margaret. 2020. Gurgun Mibinyah : Yugambeh, Ngarahngwal, Ngahnduwal : A dictionary and grammar of Mibiny language varieties from the Logan to the Tweed rivers. Canberra : Aboriginal Studies Press.
Sharpe, Margaret. 2002. Dictionary of coastal Bundjalung : including Bandjalang, Wiyabal, Minyangbal and Ngahnduwal. Armidale, NSW: The Author. Sharpe, Margaret. 2000. Dictionary of Eastern Bundjalung including Minyanbal and Ngahnduwal , ms.
